Latvia company registration

DOING BUSINESS IN LATVIA IN 2022

Since 2003, Bejarano ADF Consultants Group PLC has assisted our Clients with business registration in Latvia. Our services include i) Latvia company formation ii) government license registration iii) corporate bank account opening services in Latvia and abroad iv) employee recruitment v) visa strategies and vi) office rental solutions in Latvia.

Compare different Latvia entities	LLC	Free zone LLC	Joint stock company	Representative office	Foundation
Also known as	SIA	Special license company	AS	Representative office	Nodibinājums
Best use of company?	All products/ svcs	Manuf/ export trading	To get pub. funding	Marketing/ research	Investment/ wealth management
How soon to invoice Clients?	2 weeks	6 weeks	4 weeks	Cannot trade	4 weeks
How soon can you hire staff?	2 weeks	6 weeks	4 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks
How soon can you sign a lease agreement?	1 week	1 week	1 week	1 week	1 week
How long to supply corporate bank a/c?	4 weeks	4 weeks	4 weeks	4 weeks	4 weeks
How long to supply co. reg / tax numbers?	2 weeks	6 weeks	4 weeks	3 weeks	4 weeks
Corporate tax rate on annual net profits?	20%	4%	20%	Cannot trade	0%
Limited liability entity?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Government grants available?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Govt approval required for foreign owners?	No	No	No	No	No
Res. director/partner/ legal rep. required?	No	No	No	No	No
Minimum paid up share capital?	€ 2,800	€ 200,000	€ 35,000	None	€ 1
Can bid for Government contracts?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Corporate bank account location?	Swedbank	Blue Orange Bank	Rietumu	Citadele	SEB
Can secure trade finance?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
VAT payable on sales to local customers?	21%	21%	21%	Cannot trade	21%
Average total business set up costs?	€ 8,990	€ 12,790	€ 10,500	€ 8,730	€ 8,990
Average total engagement period?	3 months	3 months	3 months	3 months	3 months

Latvia business setup summary

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Advantages and disadvantages
Advantages of Latvia company registration
1. A Latvian limited liability company can be incorporated with only 1 director and 1 shareholder, who can be of any nationality. The minimum paid-up share capital required is €2,800 and our Clients do not need to travel to complete engagement;
2. Latvia is an attractive location for the formation of a holding company because:
  - Latvia is one of the best places in Europe to avoid taxation on capital gains. All capital gains derived from sale of both EU and non-EU shares (excluding those from black listed jurisdictions) are tax exempt, without i) duration and ii) ownership threshold requirements;
  - Dividends received from Latvian and EU subsidiaries are tax exempt. Dividends from non-EU subsidiaries are also tax-exempt if the holding company holds at least 25% of the capital and voting rights;
  - There are no withholding taxes imposed on payments of i) dividends ii) royalties and iii) interests to non-residents, unless the receiving entity is based in one of the 63 black listed jurisdictions which includes Bermuda, Hong Kong, Jersey and UAE;
  - Our foreign Clients can easily repatriate income generated by their holding company abroad, as Latvia does not impose any exchange controls;
  - Latvia has an excellent reputation as part of the Eurozone and has a broad network of 57 double tax treaties with countries including Canada, China, Singapore, UK and the United States;
  - Because of its good reputation and tax incentives, an increasing number of businessmen are choosing Latvia over other European tax haves such as Cyprus.
3. Our Clients will find Latvia a good base for opening a manufacturing company because:
  - Companies based in the four Latvian Special Economic Zones enjoy i) up to 80% rebate on corporate income tax ii) up to 80% rebate on real estate tax iii) exemption from withholding taxes and custom duties iv) and VAT exemptions on certain products;
  - Our Clients who intend to invest more than €4.3 million can benefit from tax rebates of i) 25% of initial investments up to €50 million and ii) 15% of initial investments exceeding €50 million;
  - Industrial rental price can be as cheap as €2 per sq.m./month, one of the lowest figures in the EU;
  - Labor costs are low at i) a minimum wage of €320 per month and ii) average wage of €544 per month;
  - Negotiating employment contracts in Latvia is convenient since i) Latvian employment contracts are the 24^th most flexible in the world and ii) only 13% of employees are union members iii) average severance pay is only 10 weeks of salary;
  - Communicating with employees will be easy because close to two thirds of the Latvians under 40 speak both Russian and English;
  - Employers are allowed to pay overtime work at the regular pay rate;
  - Our Clients can benefit from several labor related incentives including i) free of charge vacancy registration ii) grants of up to €213 per month to employers hiring young unemployed persons and iii) information technology training for micro enterprises.
4. Like Portugal, the Latvian government seeks to attract foreign entrepreneurs by issuing Latvian Golden Visas, ideal for those planning for long term migration to Latvia. Compared to other European countries, the minimum investment required (€250,000) to obtain the visa is the lowest in Latvia. See also this page for more information on the different ways to secure residency in Europe;
5. The Latvian economy has earned a world-wide recognition and reputation due to its membership in the NATO and the European Union (EU) which further benefits the companies with:
  - An access to a huge and diverse consumers market covering more than 100 million consumers in the dynamic markets of the Baltic Sea Region;
  - Latvia is now subjected to the Euro Transition Law; therefore, all Latvian entities can now directly transact in Euros. Being a more stable and predictable currency that is highly integrated with the international financial markets, direct dealing in Euros has significantly improved Latvia’s credit ratings. As a result, the country is increasingly witnessing an inflow of foreign investments;
  - An internationally secure environment to conduct business which is a result of i) participation in overseas operations; ii) enhancement of crisis management methodologies for civilians; and iii) cooperation with EU partners in all possible ways.
Disadvantages of Latvia company registration
1. Resident companies in Latvia suffer unfavorable compliance requirements including:
  - All documents required and issued by the Latvian government are in Latvian, and thus require translation;
  - Businesses must be audited if they fall under two of the following three criteria i) over €800,000 in annual turnover ii) over €400,000 in assets iii) more than 25 employees;
  - Directors’ details are available for public viewing after business incorporation.
2. Companies in Latvia suffer from lack of business opportunities because:
  - Our Clients’ sales in Latvia will suffer due to i) a population of only 2 million ii) a purchasing power of only €13,900 per person per year iii) a high unemployment rate of close to 10%;
  - Our Clients will face tough competition from multinational corporations as almost 70% of goods sold in the country are imports;
  - Latvian businesses that rely on road transportation for delivery of goods suffer greatly, due to i) the 4^th worst quality of roads in the EU and ii) at least 17 hours of driving required to reach Germany – the closest large market in the EU.
3. Latvia based companies have trouble finding performing employees because the Latvian workforce is inefficient compared to other EU countries. Latvians are ranked 25^th out of 27 EU countries for their productivity per hour worked;
4. Foreign entrepreneurs should be aware of the risks associated with doing business in Latvia because:
  - Latvia is the 10^th worst country in the EU for corruption. Businessmen will additionally find that inefficient government bureaucracy is the most problematic factor for doing business in Latvia;
  - Our Clients should be careful about maintaining a large amount of assets in their corporate account in Latvian banks, as they can be more susceptible than other EU banks to bankruptcies. Latvia’s second largest bank Parex filed for bankruptcy in 2008 and Latvijas Krajbanka filed for bankruptcy in 2011;
  - Clients remitting their incomes abroad will find their transactions closely scrutinized, as Latvian banks have come under fire for engaging in money laundering.
5. Our Clients’ earnings in Latvia will be greatly damaged by the ongoing Ukraine crisis because:
  - Their business will face skyrocketing energy costs if Russia, the sole supplier of natural gas in Latvia, decides to cut gas supplies following additional sanctions by the EU;
  - Our Clients’ businesses in Latvia are unable to sell food products to Russia because of the food embargo Russia has imposed on the EU. Future embargos on other products are also highly likely;
  - Latvian based businesses are concerned about the risk of Russian intervention similar to the one in Ukraine, because 26% of the Latvian population is of Russian origin.
6. Latvia is an unattractive destination for Research & Development (R&D) based companies as there seems to be an absence of networking between academic research and the commercial institutions due to lack of/ no provision of funding by the latter to the former. As a result, researchers in academic institutions are not likely to share their novelty and innovation with the commercial companies to develop upon in Latvia.
Best uses for a Latvia company
1. A Latvian entity is a good vehicle to trade with European customers, thanks to a low corporate tax rate of only 15% and inexpensive business setup costs;
2. Our Clients willing to open a SEPA corporate bank account often choose Latvia for the location of the same, as the local banks tend to have very attractive bank account setup and maintenance fees and are experienced with offshore customers.

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Company purpose?

Will the LLC be a trading company or a holding company?
Will the entity be a subsidiary of a foreign company?
The LLC will be tax resident? Having local customers and local staff and local suppliers?
The entity will receive investment income or professional services fees or sales from trading with multi-national customers?
Is double taxation treaty access important?
Do you need our help to legally minimize your international tax obligations?
Do you need our help to increase e-commerce sales (click link)?
Company structure?

Will the shareholders be individuals or corporate?

In what country do you require a corporate bank account? Refer to this web page (click link) for ideas

Do you need multi-currency corporate visa debit cards?

Do you need a resident director?

Nationality of shareholders and directors?
Expected annual sales and net profits?
Does the entity need a special regulatory license or import or export license?
Additional comments?
Tell us about your existing business?

Name of your existing company?
Your business web site address?
What products and services does your company supply?
How many years are you operating this business?
Is your Firm regulated by a Government agency?
In what country are the majority of your customers?

In what country are the majority of your suppliers?
Tell us about you?

Your name?
Your email address?
What country are you based in?

Specifically, what deliverables (click link) do you need?
What is your US$ budget for the services you need?
What does quality customer service mean to you?
How do we contact you?

For now, do you prefer Bejarano ADF Consultants PLC staff to phone you, or just email reply you with some corporate solutions?
If a phone call, on what number can our senior Consultant call you?
If an email, what email address can our Consultant email you at?
What alternative email address can our Consultant email you at?
What is your preferred date and time for a phone call?
In what language do you prefer we communicate with you?
What matters would you like to discuss during the call; the agenda?

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